Master Thesis: Graph Neural Networks for Occupant Crash Simulation

Master Thesis: Graph Neural Networks for Occupant Crash Simulation

Autoliv Innovation Center - Vårgårda - ALS

A quick look here can change lives!

Master Thesis Opportunity

Graph Neural Networks for Occupant Crash Simulation: Train in One Vehicle, Use in Another

Autoliv develops world-leading occupant safety systems and relies extensively on finite element (FE) simulations to evaluate restraint performance. These simulations are accurate but computationally expensive, which limits the number of load cases, occupant sizes, and vehicle interiors that can be explored.

Earlier studies have shown that machine learning (ML) can predict occupant kinematics and injury metrics from crash parameters (Niranjan Poojary & Srinivas, 2021; Wang & Xu, 2022). These ML surrogates map a fixed set of input parameters to outputs and are therefore tied to the environment they were trained in.

A common way to widen the scope is to use a generic sled model with parameterized vehicle interior (Iraeus & Lindquist, 2016). This covers more vehicles, but only those that can be described by the chosen parameters, and a surrogate trained on it still learns a mapping from those parameters.

In parallel, graph neural networks (GNN) have matured. They have been used as autoencoders (Fichera, C. R. 2022) in ML pipeline. MeshGraphNet (Pfaff et al., 2021) and related graph networks handle interaction and contact between objects (Allen et al., 2023), and graph and transformer surrogates such as GeoTransolver (Adams et al., 2025) have shown promising results for full-field crash deformation (Curtosi et al., 2026). A contact-aware GNN offers a way around the parameter limitation: the interior enters as geometry instead of parameters, so the model learns the local interaction between the occupant and the interior surfaces, which does not depend on a specific vehicle.

This leads to the key question: Can a GNN trained in one vehicle environment predict the occupant response in another?

This thesis aims to develop and evaluate such a transferable surrogate using an existing Autoliv dataset of sled simulations with crash test dummies (ATDs). This means a new interior can be used without retraining, and the method can be tested by training on one vehicle interior and evaluating on an unseen one.

Research Questions

• How accurately is a contact-aware GNN predict ATD kinematics in a sled interior, across occupant sizes and load cases?

• How well does a GNN trained on one vehicle environment transfer to an unseen vehicle interior?

• Which interior environments can be represented with contact-aware GNN, and how does deformations affect prediction accuracy?

Expected Results:

The thesis is expected to deliver a prototype GNN that predicts ATD kinematics and interior contact in a sled environment, together with a quantified answer on how well it transfers to a new vehicle interior. The results will show which outputs can be predicted reliably, and which interior environments can be handled by the method.

Qualifications

We are looking for two students with an interest and experience in the following areas:

Experience with:

• Graph Neural Networks

• Machine learning

• Scientific computing

Interest in:

• Automotive safety

• Finite element analysis

• Computational mechanics

• Location: Vårgårda / Gothenburg, Sweden

• Level: Master Thesis (30 ECTS)

• Start: Dec 2026

Contact:

• Mohammad Rad, RDE AI Lead Engineer, Research, Eng/Dev, [email protected]

• Henrik Balague, CAE Restraint Systems Lead Engineer, Research, Eng/Dev, [email protected]

• More lives saved – more life lived!

• Function

• Engineering, Development & Research

Location

Autoliv Innovation Center - Vårgårda - ALS

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Outstanding People Embracing Change

Our position as a worldwide leader in automotive safety systems, saving 37,000 lives every year, is achieved by our approximately 65,000 outstanding colleagues around the world. Their diverse assets, breadth and depth of expertise and desire to develop, in combination with Autoliv’s ambition to enable fulfilling careers, supports our vision of Saving More Lives.

Learn more about our culture and Key Behaviours

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About Autoliv Sweden

Autoliv is the worldwide leader in automotive safety systems. Through our group companies, we develop, manufacture and market protective systems, such as airbags, seatbelts, and steering wheels for all major automotive manufacturers in the world as well as mobility safety solutions.

At Autoliv, we challenge and redefine the standards of mobility safety to sustainably deliver leading solutions. In 2025, our products saved approximately 40,000 lives and reduced around 600,000 injuries.

Our ~64,000 colleagues in 25 countries are passionate about our vision of Saving More Lives and quality is at the heart of everything we do. We drive innovation, research, and development at our 13 technical centers, with their 20 test tracks.

Founded in

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64,000

Turnover

10.8 B USD

Engineering, Development & Research

Autoliv Innovation Center - Vårgårda - ALS

Ms. Thesis: Graph Neural Networks for Occupant Crash Simulation

A quick look here can change lives!